{"id":618,"date":"2026-05-27T08:28:07","date_gmt":"2026-05-26T23:28:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.social.env.nagoya-u.ac.jp\/sociology\/maruyama\/?p=618"},"modified":"2026-05-27T08:28:07","modified_gmt":"2026-05-26T23:28:07","slug":"q-%e9%a2%a8%e5%8a%9b%e7%99%ba%e9%9b%bb%e6%89%80%e3%81%af%e3%82%b3%e3%82%a6%e3%83%a2%e3%83%aa%e3%81%ab%e3%81%a8%e3%81%a3%e3%81%a6%e3%81%a9%e3%81%ae%e3%81%90%e3%82%89%e3%81%84%e6%9c%89%e5%ae%b3%e3%81%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.social.env.nagoya-u.ac.jp\/sociology\/maruyama\/618\/","title":{"rendered":"Q.\u98a8\u529b\u767a\u96fb\u6240\u306f\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u3069\u306e\u3050\u3089\u3044\u6709\u5bb3\u3067\u3059\u304b\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"[vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overflow=”visible” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][vc_column_text]\u540d\u53e4\u5c4b\u5927\u5b66\u5927\u5b66\u9662\u74b0\u5883\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u79d1\u7279\u4efb\u52a9\u6559\u3000\u5e73\u6625\u6765\u91cc[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]A. 2017\u5e74\u306b\u5317\u6d77\u9053\u306e\u98a8\u529b\u767a\u96fb\u65bd\u8a2d\u3067\u7d76\u6ec5\u5371\u60e7\u7a2e\u30b3\u30e4\u30de\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea\u306e\u6b7b\u4ea1\u304c\u78ba\u8a8d\u3055\u308c\u3001\u98a8\u529b\u767a\u96fb\u304c\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea\u306b\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u5f71\u97ff\u304c\u554f\u984c\u8996\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u885d\u7a81\u3084\u6c17\u5727\u5dee\u3001\u63a1\u990c\u6a5f\u4f1a\u306e\u6e1b\u5c11\u306a\u3069\u304c\u4e3b\u306a\u5f71\u97ff\u3067\u3001\u7279\u306b\u79fb\u52d5\u6027\u304c\u9ad8\u3044\u7a2e\u3067\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7387\u304c\u9ad8\u304f\u3001\u4f4e\u98a8\u901f\u306a\u6c17\u8c61\u6761\u4ef6\u306e\u969b\u3084\u3001\u6e21\u308a\u671f\u306b\u3053\u3046\u3057\u305f\u5f71\u97ff\u304c\u96c6\u4e2d\u3059\u308b\u3068\u8a00\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea\u306f\u7e41\u6b96\u529b\u304c\u4f4e\u304f\u3001\u500b\u4f53\u6570\u6e1b\u5c11\u306e\u56de\u5fa9\u304c\u56f0\u96e3\u306a\u305f\u3081\u3001\u4ed6\u306e\u751f\u7269\u3068\u6bd4\u8f03\u3057\u3066\u3082\u98a8\u529b\u767a\u96fb\u65bd\u8a2d\u304b\u3089\u53d7\u3051\u308b\u5f71\u97ff\u306e\u7a0b\u5ea6\u304c\u5927\u304d\u3044\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u4f4e\u6e1b\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u6b27\u7c73\u3067\u306f\u30e2\u30cb\u30bf\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u3084\u98a8\u8eca\u505c\u6b62\u306a\u3069\u306e\u5bfe\u7b56\u304c\u9032\u307f\u3001\u56fd\u4e3b\u5c0e\u306e\u8abf\u67fb\u30fb\u7ba1\u7406\u4f53\u5236\u306e\u6574\u5099\u304c\u6c42\u3081\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/strong>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overflow=”visible” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][vc_column_text]\n

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2017\u5e748\u6708\u3001\u5317\u6d77\u9053\u6a9c\u5c71\u90e1\u4e0a\u30ce\u56fd\u753a\u306e\u7a3c\u50cd\u4e2d\u306e\u98a8\u529b\u767a\u96fb\u65bd\u8a2d\uff08\u4e0a\u30ce\u56fd\u30a6\u30a3\u30f3\u30c9\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u30e0\u3001\u98a8\u529b\u767a\u96fb\u6a5f12\u6a5f\uff09\u5185\u3067\u3001\u98a8\u529b\u767a\u96fb\u6a5f\u306b\u885d\u7a81\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3068\u63a8\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u7d76\u6ec5\u5371\u60e7\u7a2e\u30b3\u30e4\u30de\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea5\u500b\u4f53\u304c\u767a\u898b\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3053\u306e\u4e8b\u6848\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u54fa\u4e73\u985e\u5b66\u4f1a\u306f2019\u5e74\u306b\u300c\u5317\u6d77\u9053\u6a9c\u5c71\u90e1\u4e0a\u30ce\u56fd\u753a\u306e\u98a8\u529b\u767a\u96fb\u65bd\u8a2d\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u7d76\u6ec5\u5371\u60e7\u7a2e\u30b3\u30e4\u30de\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea\u306e\u4fdd\u5168\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u8981\u671b\u66f8\u300d\u3092\u4e0a\u30ce\u56fd\u30a6\u30a3\u30f3\u30c9\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u30e0\u306e\u4e8b\u696d\u8005\u306b\u63d0\u51fa\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u98a8\u529b\u767a\u96fb\u6240\u304c\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u5f71\u97ff\u306f\u5b66\u8853\u754c\u3067\u3082\u6ce8\u8996\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n

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2020\uff1a18\uff09\u3002\u7279\u306b\u9577\u8ddd\u96e2\u79fb\u52d5\u6027\u304b\u3064\u68ee\u6797\u6027\u306e\u30a2\u30ab\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea\uff08Lasiurus borealis\uff09\u3084\u30b7\u30e2\u30d5\u30ea\u30a2\u30ab\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea\uff08L. cinereus\uff09\u3001\u30b7\u30eb\u30d0\u30fc\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea\uff08Lasionycteris notivagans\uff09\u306e\u98a8\u8eca\u3078\u306e\u885d\u7a81\u304c\u8457\u3057\u304f\u591a\u3044[2]<\/strong> <\/span>\u306e\u81f4\u6b7b\u7387\u304c\u9ad8\u3044\u3053\u3068\u304c\u5206\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\uff08Arnett et al. 2008\uff09\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7387\u306f\u590f\u306e\u7d42\u308f\u308a\u304b\u3089\u79cb\u306b\u304b\u3051\u3066\u30d4\u30fc\u30af\u3092\u8fce\u3048\u307e\u3059\u3002\u98a8\u8eca\u3078\u306e\u885d\u7a81\u304c\u539f\u56e0\u3068\u307f\u3089\u308c\u308b\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea\u306e\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7387\u3068\u5929\u5019\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u3068\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u6271\u3063\u305f\u7814\u7a76\u3067\u306f\u3001\u98a8\u901f\u304c6m\/s\u672a\u6e80\u306e\u5834\u5408\u306b\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea\u306e\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7387\u304c\u9ad8\u304f\u3001\u7279\u306b\u5d50\u306e\u524d\u7dda\u901a\u904e\u306e\u76f4\u524d\u3068\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u5897\u52a0\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u5206\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f[1]<\/strong>\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3053\u3068\u304b\u3089\u3001\u5929\u5019\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u306e\u628a\u63e1\u304c\u3001\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea\u306e\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7387\u3092\u4f4e\u4e0b\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u91cd\u8981\u3060\u3068\u8a00\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u30022017\u5e74\u306b\u5b9f\u65bd\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3001\u9ce5\u985e\u3084\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea\u3068\u98a8\u529b\u767a\u96fb\u6a5f\u306e\u885d\u7a81\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u7814\u7a76\u306e\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u306a\u30ec\u30d3\u30e5\u30fc\u306b\u3088\u308b\u3068\u3001\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea\u306e\u885d\u7a81\u7387\u306f\u5206\u6563\u8ddd\u96e2\uff08dispersal distance\uff092<\/a><\/sup> \u751f\u614b\u5b66\u30fb\u4fdd\u5168\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u306e\u5206\u91ce\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u300c\u5206\u6563\u8ddd\u96e2\u300d\uff08dispersal distance\uff09\u3068\u306f\u3001\u500b\u4f53\u304c\u51fa\u751f\u5730\uff08\u307e\u305f\u306f\u5143\u306e\u7e41\u6b96\u5730\uff09\u304b\u3089\u96e2\u308c\u3066\u79fb\u52d5\u3057\u3001\u65b0\u305f\u306a\u751f\u606f\u5730\u30fb\u7e41\u6b96\u5730\u306b\u5b9a\u7740\u3059\u308b\u307e\u3067\u306b\u79fb\u52d5\u3057\u305f\u8ddd\u96e2\u3092\u6307\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f\u65e5\u5e38\u7684\u306a\u79fb\u52d5\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u5b9a\u7740\u3092\u4f34\u3046\u79fb\u52d5\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u8ddd\u96e2\u3092\u8868\u3059\u8a00\u8449\u3067\u3059\u30022<\/a><\/sup><\/span>\u306b\u5f71\u97ff\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3082\u6307\u6458\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059[3]<\/strong>\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea\u306f\u30d6\u30ec\u30fc\u30c9\u306b\u76f4\u63a5\u63a5\u89e6\u305b\u305a\u3068\u3082\u3001\u30d6\u30ec\u30fc\u30c9\u306e\u56de\u8ee2\u3067\u751f\u3058\u308b\u6c17\u5727\u5dee\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3001\u80ba\u3092\u640d\u50b7\u3057\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3059\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3084[4]<\/strong>\u3001\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea\u985e\u306e\u63a1\u990c\u6a5f\u4f1a\u306b\u6df1\u523b\u306a\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3082\u6307\u6458\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059[5]<\/strong>\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u8981\u56e0\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea\u306e\u81f4\u6b7b\u7387\u306b\u98a8\u529b\u767a\u96fb\u6a5f\u304c\u5f71\u97ff\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u61f8\u5ff5\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u3067\u306f\u98a8\u8eca\u306b\u3088\u308b\u9ce5\u985e\u306e\u5e74\u9593\u6b7b\u4ea1\u6570\u306f140,000\uff5e328,000 \u500b\u4f53\u3068\u3044\u3046\u63a8\u5b9a\u306b\u5bfe\u3057[6]<\/strong>\u3001\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea\u985e\u306e\u6b7b\u4ea1\u63a8\u5b9a\u500b\u4f53\u6570\u306f600,000\u301c888,000\u500b\u4f53\u306b\u9054\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b[7][8] [9] [10]<\/strong>\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5831\u544a\u3084\u3001\u30c9\u30a4\u30c4\u306e\u30b7\u30e5\u30f4\u30a1\u30eb\u30c4\u30f4\u30a1\u30eb\u30c8\u3067\u306f1 MW \u3042\u305f\u308a\u5e74\u9593163 \u500b\u4f53\u306e\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea\u304c\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3057\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5831\u544a\u3082\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059[11]<\/strong>\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u63a8\u5b9a\u5024\u306f\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea\u306e\u6b7b\u4ea1\u6570\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u8ad6\u6587\u306e\u30ec\u30d3\u30e5\u30fc\u3092\u3082\u3068\u306b\u7b97\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u3054\u3068\u306b\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea\u306e\u6b7b\u9ab8\u306e\u635c\u7d22\u611f\u899a\u3001\u635c\u7d22\u533a\u9593\u3001\u6b8b\u5b58\u7387\u3001\u72b6\u614b\u3001\u635c\u7d22\u8005\u691c\u51fa\u7387\u304c\u5927\u304d\u304f\u7570\u306a\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304b\u3089\u3001\u504f\u308a\u306f\u3001\u8abf\u6574\u3057\u305f\u63a8\u5b9a\u5024\u3067\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3082\u306a\u304a\u5927\u304d\u3044\u3053\u3068\u306b\u6ce8\u610f\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u3067\u30593<\/a><\/sup><\/span> \u4f8b\u3048\u3070Smallwood\u306e\u63a8\u5b9a\u3067\u306f\u3001\u300c2014\u5e74\u306b\u2f76\u56fd\u5168\u571f\u3067\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea\u304c\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3057\u305f\u6570\u306f222\u4e07\u5339\u3068\u63a8\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304c\u300195%\u4fe1\u983c\u533a\u9593\u306f177\u4e07\u5339\u304b\u3089272\u4e07\u5339\u3067\u3057\u305f[9]<\/strong>\u3002\u3053\u306e\u63a8\u5b9a\u306f\u3001\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u5927\u304d\u306a\u30d0\u30a4\u30a2\u30b9\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u4e2d\u3067\u2f8f\u308f\u308c\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u5e73\u5747\u5024\u304c3\u5206\u306e1\u306b\u4f4e\u4e0b\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3001\u6700\u592711\u500d\u4e0a\u6607\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3059\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u300d\u3068\u66f8\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span>\u3002\u6b7b\u4ea1\u63a8\u5b9a\u6570\u3082\u7a2e\u3054\u3068\u306b\u7570\u306a\u308b\u3068\u8a00\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u3068\u30ab\u30ca\u30c0\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b2000\u5e74-2011\u5e74\uff0810\u5e74\u9593\uff09\u306e\u30d0\u30c3\u30c8\u30b9\u30c8\u30e9\u30a4\u30af\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5404\u7a2e\u306e\u7d2f\u7a4d\u6b7b\u4ea1\u63a8\u5b9a\u6570\u306f\u88681\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3059[2] [12]<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u88681 \u5317\u7c73\u306e\u30d0\u30c3\u30c8\u30b9\u30c8\u30e9\u30a4\u30af\u306b\u3088\u308b\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea\u5404\u7a2e\u306e\u7d2f\u7a4d\u6b7b\u4ea1\u63a8\u5b9a\u6570\uff082000-2011\u5e74\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

\uff08Arnett and Baerwald [12]\u3092\u3082\u3068\u306b\u8239\u8d8a[2]\u304c\u6539\u5909\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u7a2e\u540d<\/strong><\/td>\n\u548c\u540d<\/strong><\/td>\n\u4e0b\u9650\u5024<\/strong><\/td>\n\u4e0a\u9650<\/strong>\u5024<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Eptesicus fuscus<\/td>\n\u30aa\u30aa\u30af\u30d3\u30ef\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea<\/td>\n26,000<\/td>\n52,000<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Lasiurus borealis<\/td>\n\u30a2\u30ab\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea<\/td>\n143,000<\/td>\n287,000<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Lasiurus cinereua<\/td>\n\u30b7\u30e2\u30d5\u30ea\u30a2\u30ab\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea<\/td>\n247,000<\/td>\n634,000<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Lasionycteris noctivagans<\/td>\n\u30b7\u30eb\u30d0\u30fc\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea<\/td>\n149,000<\/td>\n308,000<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Myotis lucifugus<\/td>\n\u30c8\u30d3\u30a4\u30ed\u30db\u30aa\u30d2\u30b2\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea<\/td>\n51,000<\/td>\n107,000<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Perimyotis subflavus<\/td>\n\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u30c8\u30a6\u30d6\u30a2\u30d6\u30e9\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea<\/td>\n45,000<\/td>\n94,000<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Tadarida brasiliensis<\/td>\n\u30e1\u30ad\u30b7\u30b3\u30aa\u30d2\u30ad\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea<\/td>\n21,000<\/td>\n44,000<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u500b\u4f53\u6570\u306e\u6e1b\u5c11\u3092\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u8a55\u4fa1\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3001\u6e1b\u5c11\u3057\u305f\u500b\u4f53\u6570\u306e\u7d76\u5bfe\u5024\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u7a2e\u306e\u8106\u5f31\u6027\u3092\u8003\u616e\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5927\u578b\u98a8\u8eca\u304b\u3089\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u5927\u304d\u304f\u53d7\u3051\u308b\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3089\u308c\u308b\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea\u306e\u5206\u985e\u7fa4\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306f\u3001\u30e4\u30de\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea\u5c5e\u3001\u30af\u30d3\u30ef\u30b3\u30a6\u5c5e\u3001\u30d2\u30ca\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea\u5c5e\u3001\u30a2\u30d6\u30e9\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea\u5c5e\u3060\u3068\u8a00\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\uff08\u8107\u30fb\u8d64\u5742\u30fb\u5b89\u85e4 2022\uff09\u3002\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea\u985e\u306e\u5bff\u547d\u306f30 \u5e74\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3068\u3055\u308c\u30011\u5e74\u3042\u305f\u308a\u306e\u7523\u5b50\u6570\u306f1\uff5e2 \u500b\u4f53\u3067\u3042\u308a[13] [14]<\/strong>\u3001\u4e00\u5ea6\u500b\u4f53\u6570\u304c\u6e1b\u5c11\u3059\u308b\u3068\u500b\u4f53\u6570\u3092\u56de\u5fa9\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u6975\u3081\u3066\u56f0\u96e3\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081[15]<\/strong>\u3001\u98a8\u8eca\u306b\u3088\u308b\u6b7b\u4ea1\u500b\u4f53\u6570\u306e\u5897\u52a0\u306f\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea\u985e\u306e\u500b\u4f53\u7fa4\u7dad\u6301\u306e\u4e0a\u3067\u6df1\u523b\u306a\u8105\u5a01\u3060\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6307\u6458\u3082\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059[16]<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u65e5\u672c\u3067\u306f\u3001\u8fd1\u5e74\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea\u3068\u98a8\u529b\u767a\u96fb\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u7814\u7a76\u304c\u84c4\u7a4d\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u56fd\u5185\u3067\u98a8\u529b\u767a\u96fb\u6240\u306e\u7acb\u5730\u3068\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea\u306e\u885d\u7a81\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5b9f\u614b\u3092\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u3075\u3058\u306e\u304f\u306b\u5730\u7403\u74b0\u5883\u53f2\u30df\u30e5\u30fc\u30b8\u30a2\u30e0\u3067\u306f\u3001\u7a3c\u50cd\u4e2d\u306e\u98a8\u8eca\u76f4\u4e0b\u3067\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea\u306e\u6b7b\u9ab8\u63a2\u7d22\u8abf\u67fb\u3092\u5b9f\u65bd\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f[17]<\/strong>\u30022017\u5e74\u306b\u9759\u5ca1\u770c\u639b\u5ddd\u5e02\u30672011\u5e74\u304b\u3089\u7a3c\u50cd\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u300c\u9060\u5dde\u639b\u5ddd\u98a8\u529b\u767a\u96fb\u6240\u300d7\u57fa\u3068\u3001\u8fd1\u63a5\u306e\u98a8\u529b\u767a\u96fb\u6240\u30672009\u5e74\u304b\u3089\u7a3c\u50cd\u3059\u308b\u300c\u6d5c\u91ce\u98a8\u529b\u767a\u96fb\u6240\u300d1\u57fa\u3067\u8abf\u67fb\u304c\u5b9f\u65bd\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u305d\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u3001\u30a2\u30d6\u30e9\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea\u306e\u6b7b\u9ab81\u4f53\u3068\u3001\u30d2\u30ca\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea\u306e\u6b7b\u9ab82\u4f53\u304c\u767a\u898b\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30d2\u30ca\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea2\u4f53\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306f\u7fbd\u3084\u982d\u84cb\u9aa8\u306b\u9aa8\u6298\u306e\u8de1\u304c\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u98a8\u529b\u767a\u96fb\u6a5f\u3068\u306e\u885d\u7a81\u306e\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3068\u7d50\u8ad6\u3065\u3051\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f[17]<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u306b\u306f\u30d6\u30ec\u30fc\u30c9\u304c\u5927\u304d\u304f\u3001\u30bf\u30ef\u30fc\u304c\u9ad8\u3044\u307b\u3069\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea\u306e\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7387\u306f\u9ad8\u3044\u3068\u8a00\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059[11]<\/strong>\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3001\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea\u306f\u7a2e\u304a\u3088\u3073\u5468\u56f2\u306e\u74b0\u5883\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u3066\u98db\u884c\u9ad8\u5ea6\u304c\u7570\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea\u306f\u30a8\u30b3\u30fc\u30ed\u30fc\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3001\u53e3\u304b\u3089\u8d85\u97f3\u6ce2\u3092\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u8df3\u306d\u8fd4\u3063\u3066\u304f\u308b\u97f3\u3067\u98db\u884c\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3092\u6349\u3048\u305f\u308a\u3001\u7372\u7269\u3092\u6349\u3048\u305f\u308a\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306b\u306f30kHz\u3067\u30a8\u30b3\u30fc\u30ed\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea\u306f30\u30e1\u30fc\u30c8\u30eb\u4ee5\u4e0a\u63a2\u7d22\u3067\u304d\u305a\u3001100kHz \u3067\u306f10\u30e1\u30fc\u30c8\u30eb\u7a0b\u5ea6\u63a2\u7d22\u53ef\u80fd\u3068\u8a00\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059[18]<\/strong>\u3002\u305d\u306e\u305f\u3081\u3001\u4f4e\u3044\u58f0\u306e\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea\u306f\u3001\u68ee\u6797\u306e\u4e0a\u7a7a\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u969c\u5bb3\u7269\u304c\u5c11\u306a\u304f\u958b\u3051\u305f\u5834\u6240\u3067\u990c\u3092\u3068\u308a\u3001\u9ad8\u3044\u58f0\u306e\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea\u306f\u68ee\u306e\u4e2d\u306a\u3069\u306e\u969c\u5bb3\u7269\u306e\u591a\u3044\u3068\u3053\u308d\u3067\u3082\u990c\u3092\u53d6\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u591a\u304f\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059[18]<\/strong>\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea\u306f\u7a2e\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u591a\u69d8\u306a\u7a7a\u9593\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081[19]<\/strong>\u3001\u98db\u884c\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306e\u4e88\u6e2c\u306b\u306f\u3001\u751f\u606f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u7a2e\u3068\u3001\u5468\u8fba\u74b0\u5883\u306e\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u52a0\u5473\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5f93\u3063\u3066\u98a8\u529b\u767a\u96fb\u6a5f\u304c\u5c0f\u578b\u3067\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3001\u98a8\u8eca\u7acb\u5730\u5730\u57df\u5468\u8fba\u306b\u305d\u306e\u30d6\u30ec\u30fc\u30c9\u56de\u8ee2\u7bc4\u56f2\u3067\u3042\u308b\u5730\u4e0a5m\u301c40m\u3092\u98db\u884c\u3059\u308b\u7a2e\u304c\u751f\u606f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308c\u3070\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6d3b\u52d5\u91cf\u306b\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059[10]<\/strong>\u3002\u8107\u3089\u306e\u5317\u6d77\u9053\u6771\u90e8\u306e\u4e8b\u4f8b\u7814\u7a76\u306b\u3088\u308b\u3068\u3001\u5927\u578b\u98a8\u8eca\u3067\u306f\u30d0\u30c3\u30c8\u30b9\u30c8\u30e9\u30a4\u30af\u306e\u6b7b\u4ea1\u30ea\u30b9\u30af\u304c\u4f4e\u3044\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305f\u30db\u30aa\u30d2\u30b2\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea\u5c5e\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u5c0f\u578b\u98a8\u529b\u767a\u96fb\u65bd\u8a2d\u5468\u8fba\u3067\u6d3b\u767a\u306b\u6d3b\u52d5\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u78ba\u8a8d\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f[10]<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304d\u3001\u5404\u56fd\u3067\u30e2\u30cb\u30bf\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u306e\u5b9f\u65bd\u3084\u3001\u9806\u5fdc\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u306e\u8003\u3048\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u305f\u5bfe\u7b56\u304c\u306a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30aa\u30e9\u30f3\u30c0\u3067\u306f2016\u5e74\u304b\u3089\u30e2\u30cb\u30bf\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u3092\u30bb\u30f3\u30c8\u30e9\u30eb\u5316\u3057\u3001\u9577\u671f\u9593\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0Wozep\uff08Wind on Sea Ecological Program)\uff09\u304c\u5b9f\u65bd\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059[20]<\/strong>\u3002\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u306f\u3001\u6d0b\u4e0a\u98a8\u529b\u767a\u96fb\u306e\u5efa\u8a2d\u304c\u53ca\u307c\u3059\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u5ff5\u982d\u306b\u3001\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea\u304c\u6d77\u306b\u98db\u3073\u51fa\u3059\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u6761\u4ef6\u3068\u5f71\u97ff\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u767a\u96fb\u6240\u5468\u56f2\u3067\u306e\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea\u306e\u632f\u308b\u821e\u3044\u3092\u8abf\u67fb\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3001\u63a1\u990c\u306e\u884c\u52d5\u3092\u97f3\u97ff\u89b3\u6e2c\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u628a\u63e1\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3059\u308b\u53d6\u308a\u7d44\u307f\u304c\u306a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059[20]<\/strong>\u3002Wozep\u306e\u6210\u679c\u3092\u3082\u3068\u306b\u3001\u767a\u96fb\u6240\u3054\u3068\u306b\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea\u306e\u885d\u7a81\u3092\u9632\u3050\u305f\u3081\u306e\u63aa\u7f6e\u3092\u53d6\u308a\u5165\u308c\u308b\u52d5\u304d\u3082\u73fe\u308c\u3066\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070Hoollandse Kust\u98a8\u529b\u767a\u96fb\u6240\u3067\u306f\u3001\u98a8\u8eca\u304c\u767a\u96fb\u3092\u958b\u59cb\u3059\u308b\u30ab\u30c3\u30c8\u30a4\u30f3\u98a8\u901f\u3092\u3001\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea\u306e\u79fb\u52d5\u306e\u30d4\u30fc\u30af\u3067\u3042\u308b\u671f\u9593\uff088\u670815\u65e5\u301c9\u670830\u65e5\uff09\u306f\u3001\u65e5\u6ca1\u5f8c1\u6642\u9593\u5f8c\u304b\u3089\u65e5\u306e\u51fa2\u6642\u9593\u524d\u307e\u3067\u306e\u671f\u9593\u30015.0m\/s\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u4f4e\u901f\u56de\u8ee2\u6642\u306e\u885d\u7a81\u3092\u9632\u3050\u3068\u3044\u3046\u63aa\u7f6e\u3092\u3068\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059[20] [21]<\/strong>\u3002\u307e\u305f\u6d0b\u4e0a\u98a8\u529b\u767a\u96fb\u306e\u30b5\u30a4\u30c8\u5165\u672d\u306e\u516c\u52df\u8981\u9818\u306b\u306f\u3001\u98a8\u8eca\u306b\u30ab\u30e1\u30e9\u3084\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea\u63a2\u77e5\u6a5f\u306a\u3069\u306e\u6a5f\u5668\u3092\u53d6\u308a\u4ed8\u3051\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u7fa9\u52d9\u4ed8\u3051\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f[20]<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u3067\u306f\u30012015\u5e74\u306b\u7c73\u56fd\u98a8\u529b\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u5354\u4f1a\uff08AWEA\uff09\u304c\u98a8\u8eca\u885d\u7a81\u306b\u3088\u308b\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea\u306e\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3092\u4f4e\u6e1b\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u63aa\u7f6e\u3092\u767a\u8868\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306b\u306f\u3001\u5354\u4f1a\u306b\u52a0\u76df\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4f01\u696d17\u793e\u304c\u3001\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea\u306e\u6e21\u308a\u306e\u6642\u671f\u3001\u304b\u3064\u591c\u9593\u4f4e\u98a8\u901f\u6642\u306b\u306f\u3001\u81ea\u4e3b\u7684\u306b\u98a8\u8eca\u3092\u505c\u6b62\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u63aa\u7f6e\u3067\u3059[20]<\/strong>\u3002\u3053\u306e\u63aa\u7f6e\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u5168\u4f53\u3067\u3001\u98a8\u8eca\u885d\u7a81\u306b\u3088\u308b\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea\u3078\u306e\u5f71\u97ff\u309230%\u7a0b\u4f4e\u6e1b\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3068\u671f\u5f85\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059[20]<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/h3>\n

[1] Arnett, E. B., Brown, W. K., Erickson, W. P., Fiedler, J. K., Hamilton, B. L., Henry, T. H., Jain, A., Johnson, G. D., Kerns, J., Koford, R. R., Nicholson, C. P., O’Connell, T. J., Piorkowski, M. D., and Tankersley, R. D., 2008, Patterns of Bat Fatalities at Energy Facilities in North America,\u00a0Journal of Wildlife Management<\/em>, 71(1): 61\u201378.<\/p>\n

[2] \u8239\u8d8a\u516c\u5a01, 2020, \u300e\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea\u5b66\u2015\u9069\u5fdc\u3068\u9032\u5316\u300f\u6771\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248.<\/p>\n

[3] Thaxter, C. B., Buchanan, G. M., Carr, J., Butchart, S. H. M., Newbold, T., Green, R. E., Tobias, J. A., Foden, W. B., O’Brien, S., Pearce-Higgins, J. W., 2017, Bird and Bat Species’ Global Vulnerability to Collision Mortality at Wind Farms Revealed through a Trait-Based Assessment,\u00a0Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences<\/em>, 284(1862): 20170829.<\/p>\n

[4] Baerwald, E. F., D\u2019Amours, G. H., Klug, B. J., and Barclay, R. M. R., 2008, Barotrauma is a Significant Cause of Bat Fatalities at Wind Turbines,\u00a0Current Biology<\/em>, 18: 695\u2013696.<\/p>\n

[5] Barr\u00e9, K., Viol, I. L., Bas, Y., Julliard, R., and Kerbiriou, C., 2018, Estimating Habitat Loss due to Wind Turbine Avoidance by Bats: Implications for European Siting Guidance,\u00a0Biological Conservation<\/em>, 226: 205\u2013214.<\/p>\n

[6] Loss, S. R., Will, T., and Marra, P. P., 2013, Estimates of Bird Collision Mortality at Wind Facilities in the Contiguous United States,\u00a0Biological Conservation<\/em>, 168: 201\u2013209.<\/p>\n

[7] Hayes, M. A., 2013, Bats Killed in Large Numbers at United States Wind Energy Facilities,\u00a0BioScience<\/em>, 63: 975\u2013979.<\/p>\n

[8] Smallwood, K. S., 2013, Comparing Bird and Bat Fatality-Rate Estimates among North American Wind-Energy Projects,\u00a0Wildlife Society Bulletin<\/em>, 37: 19\u201333.<\/p>\n

[9] Smallwood, K. S., 2020, USA Wind Energy-Caused Bat Fatalities Increase with Shorter Fatality Search Intervals,\u00a0Diversity<\/em>, 12: 98.<\/p>\n

[10] \u8107\u7fd4\u543e\u30fb\u8d64\u5742\u5353\u7f8e\u30fb\u5b89\u85e4\u99ff\u6c70, 2022, \u300c\u5c0f\u578b\u98a8\u529b\u767a\u96fb\u65bd\u8a2d\u304c\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea\u985e\u306e\u6d3b\u52d5\u91cf\u306b\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u5f71\u97ff\uff1a\u5317\u6d77\u9053\u6771\u90e8\u306e\u4e8b\u4f8b\u300d\u300e\u4fdd\u5168\u751f\u614b\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u300f27: 197\u2013208. \uff082025\u5e749\u670818\u65e5\u53d6\u5f97,\u00a0https:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/hozen\/27\/2\/27_2134\/_pdf\uff09<\/p>\n

[11] Rydell, J., Bach, L., Dubourg-Savage, M.-J., Green, M., Rodrigues, L., and Hedenstr\u00f6m, L., 2010, Bat Mortality at Wind Turbines in Northwestern Europe,\u00a0Acta Chiropterologica<\/em>, 12: 261\u2013274.<\/p>\n

[12] Arnett, E. B., and Baerwald, E. F., 2013, Impacts of wind energy development on bats: Implications for conservation, in Adams, R. A., and Pedersen, S. C. (eds.),\u00a0Bat Evolution, Ecology and Conservation<\/em>, Springer, 435\u2013456.<\/p>\n

[13] Wilkinson, G. S., and South, J. M., 2002, Life History, Ecology and Longevity in Bats,\u00a0Aging Cell<\/em>, 1: 124\u2013131.<\/p>\n

[14] Brunet-Rossinni, A. K., and Austad, S. N., 2004, Ageing Studies on Bats: A Review,\u00a0Biogerontology<\/em>, 5: 211\u2013222.<\/p>\n

[15] Barclay, R. M. R., and Harder, L. M., 2003, Life Histories of Bats: Life in the Slow Lane, in Kunz, T. H., and Fenton, M. B. (eds.),\u00a0Bat Ecology<\/em>, University of Chicago Press, 209\u2013256.<\/p>\n

[16] Arnett, E. B., Baerwald, E. F., Mathews, F., Rodrigues, L., Rodr\u00edguez-Dur\u00e1n, A., and Rydell, J., 2016, Impacts of Wind Energy Development on Bats: A Global Perspective, in Voigt, C. C., and Kingston, T. (eds.),\u00a0Bats in the Anthropocene: Conservation of Bats in a Changing World<\/em>, Springer, 295\u2013323.<\/p>\n

[17] \u91cd\u6606\u9054\u4e5f\u30fb\u672c\u591a\u5b9c\u4ec1\u30fb\u4f50\u85e4\u9855\u7fa9\u30fb\u4e09\u5b85\u9686, 2018, \u300c\u9759\u5ca1\u770c\u897f\u90e8\u306e\u98a8\u529b\u767a\u96fb\u6240\u3067\u898b\u3064\u304b\u3063\u305f\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea\u985e2\u7a2e\u306e\u6b7b\u9ab8\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u300d\u300e\u6771\u6d77\u81ea\u7136\u8a8c\u300f11: 51\u201357.<\/p>\n

[18] \u5927\u6ca2\u5553\u5b50\u30fb\u5927\u6ca2\u5915\u5fd7, 2014, \u300e\u54fa\u4e73\u985e\u304c\u7a7a\u3092\u98db\u3093\u3060\u7406\u7531\u2015\u30b3\u30a6\u30e2\u30ea\u306e\u8b0e\u300f\u65b0\u5149\u793e.<\/p>\n

[19] Roemer, C., Disca, T., Coulon, A., and Bas, Y., 2017, Bat flight height monitored from wind masts predicts mortality risk at wind farms,\u00a0Biological Conservation<\/em>, 215: 116\u2013122.<\/p>\n

[20] \u74b0\u5883\u7701, 2023, \u300c\u6d0b\u4e0a\u98a8\u529b\u767a\u96fb\u306b\u4fc2\u308b\u65b0\u305f\u306a\u74b0\u5883\u30a2\u30bb\u30b9\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u5236\u5ea6\u306e\u5728\u308a\u65b9\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u300d\u6d0b\u4e0a\u98a8\u529b\u767a\u96fb\u306e\u74b0\u5883\u5f71\u97ff\u8a55\u4fa1\u7cbe\u5ea6\u306e\u6700\u9069\u306a\u5728\u308a\u65b9\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u691c\u8a0e\u4f1a\uff082025\u5e7412\u670815\u65e5\u53d6\u5f97,\u00a0https:\/\/assess.env.go.jp\/files\/0_db\/seika\/1055_03\/report.pdf\uff09<\/p>\n

[21] Rijkswaterstaat, Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management, 2025, Bats, Wind at sea ecological program (Wozep)\uff082025\u5e7412\u670815\u65e5\u53d6\u5f97,\u00a0https:\/\/noordzeeloket.nl\/functies-gebruik\/energietransitie-zee\/windenergie-zee\/ecologie\/wind-zee-ecologisch-programma-wozep\/vleermuizen\/\uff09<\/p>\n

[22] U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy, Wind Energy Technologies Office (WETO), 2023, Final Technical Report Bat Smart Curtailment: Efficacy and Operational Testing\uff082026\u5e745\u670815\u65e5\u53d6\u5f97,\u00a0https:\/\/tethys.pnnl.gov\/publications\/bat-smart-curtailment-efficacy-operational-testing\uff09<\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” top_padding=”20″ constrain_group_1=”yes” bottom_padding=”20″ text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overflow=”visible” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none” gradient_type=”default” shape_type=””][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][nectar_cta btn_style=”arrow-animation” heading_tag=”h4″ button_color=”default” text_color=”#336d56″ button_border_thickness=”0px” link_type=”regular” alignment=”left” alignment_tablet=”default” alignment_phone=”default” constrain_group_3=”yes” constrain_group_4=”yes” display=”block” display_tablet=”inherit” display_phone=”inherit” link_text=”\u4ed6\u306eQ&A\u3092\u898b\u308b” url=”https:\/\/www.social.env.nagoya-u.ac.jp\/sociology\/maruyama\/projects\/renewables-qa\/”][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overflow=”visible” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”]

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